地下工程防水設計方案的確定和防木材料的選擇地下工程的防水設防應全面考慮地形、地貌、水文地質(zhì)、工程地質(zhì)、地震烈度、凍結(jié)深度、環(huán)填條件、結(jié)構(gòu)形式等因素，按國護結(jié)構(gòu)允許滲漏水量的程度來確定設計方案和選擇防水材料。
1、對于沒有自流排水條件而處于飽和土層或巖層中的地下工程,可采用補償收縮混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)自防水,或鋼、鑄鐵管筒或管片或設置附加防水層、采用注漿或其它防水措施。
For there is no gravity drainage conditions in the saturated soil or rock in underground engineering, can compensate for shrinkage of concrete structural waterproof, or steel, cast iron tube or pipe piece or set additional waterproof layer, using grouting or other waterproofing measures.
2、對于沒有自流排水條件而處于非飽和土層或巖層中的地下工程,可采用防水混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)自防水、補償收縮混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)自防水、普通混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)或砌體結(jié)構(gòu)或設置附加防水層、采用注漿或其它防水措施。
For there is no gravity drainage conditions in the unsaturated soil or rock in underground engineering, can be waterproof concrete structural waterproof, shrinkage-compensating concrete structural waterproof, ordinary concrete structures or masonry structure or set additional waterproof layer, using grouting or other waterproofing measures.
3、對于有自流排水條件的地下工程,可采用防水混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)自防水、補償收縮渥凝土結(jié)構(gòu)自水、普通混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)、砌體結(jié)構(gòu)或鋪噴支護，或采取附加防水層、襯套、注漿或其它防水措施。
For gravity drainage conditions of underground works, can be waterproof concrete structural waterproof, Ottawa shrinkage-compensating concrete structures from water, ordinary concrete structures,masonry structures or paved shotcrete support, or to take an additional waterproof layer, bushings, grouting or other waterproofing measures.
4、對于處在侵蝕性介質(zhì)中的地下工程,應采用耐侵蝕的防水砂漿、混凝土、卷材或涂料等防水材料作防水層。對于受動力設備或發(fā)電設備撥動作用的地下工程,應采用合成高分子防水卷材或合成高分子防水涂料等具有良好延伸性和柔韌性的防水材料作防水層。
For aggressive media in the underground works, should be resistant to erosion waterproof mortar, concrete, and other waterproof membrane or coating materials for the waterproof layer. Or by power equipment for power generation equipment underground engineering toggle action should be used synthetic polymer waterproofing membrane or synthetic polymer waterproof coating has good extensibility and flexibility of waterproof material for waterproof layer.
5、對處于凍土層中的工程,當采用混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)時,其混凝土抗凍融循環(huán)不得小于100次。具有自班排水條件的工程,應設置自流排水系統(tǒng)，無自流排水條件、有摻漏水或需應急排水的工程,應設機械排水系統(tǒng)。
In the permafrost layer on the project, when using the concrete structure, the concrete resistance to freeze-thaw cycles of not less than 100 times. With self-class engineering and drainage conditions, gravity drainage system should be set up, no gravity drainage conditions, there are mixed leaking or need emergency drainage works, mechanical drainage system should be set up.
